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The differential effect and experimenter effects in intentional and nonintentional psi tests. |
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Written by Administrator
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sexta, 10 setembro 2004 |
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Rao, K Ramakrishna & Davis, James W(1978). The differential effect and experimenter effects in intentional and nonintentional psi tests. Journal of Parapsychology, 42(1), (pp. 1-19) Abstract Studied the responses of 11 female Ss to whom 2 experimenters administered 2 psi tests each (one intentional and the other nonintentional) in 2 different sessions on the same day. The intentional task was a language ESP test in which Ss attempted to guess concealed target words written in English and Telugu, a language not known to the Ss. The nonintentional ESP test called for the Ss to rank, on a 4-point scale, the 40 items in a mood adjective check list. Unknown to the S, a list of target numbers ranging from 1-4 were randomly generated and were checked against the S's mood ranks to obtain the nonintentional ESP scores. The results of the language ESP data of one experimenter gave significant evidence for the differential effect: Ss obtained significantly more hits on English than on Telugu targets. The data of the other experimenter showed no such effect. The results of the nonintentional test show that Ss obtained a significantly greater number of hits when they gave different mood ranks in the 2 sessions than when they gave the same ranks. Another finding is that the number of mood items checked differently in the 2 sessions correlated significantly with the differences in the language ESP scores in the 2 sessions.
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