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"Covert observation
increases skin conductance in subjects unaware of when they are being
observ |
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Written by Administrator
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sexta, 10 setembro 2004 |
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LaBerge, Stephen &
Schlitz, Marilyn (1999). "Covert observation increases skin conductance in
subjects unaware of when they are being observed: A replication": Reply.
Journal of Parapsychology, 63(2), (pp. 182-184) Abstract Responds to comments by N. Kreiman on the
article by M. J. Schlitz and S. LaBerge, which describes a replication of a
study by W. Braud et al (1990) investigating changes in skin conductance of
Ss when they are being observed covertly. Kreiman is cited for his
statistical assumptions, reasoning, and conclusions. Basically, Kreiman
picked the largest 5 measures out of 48, removed them from the data set, and
then performed a t test that showed that the results had been weakened. It
is suggested that Kreiman\'s remarkable statistical assertion resulting
from this procedure might not be obviously false if he were speaking of
eliminating 5 randomly selected measures, rather than the 5 most extreme
cases from the upper tail he has in fact removed. Further, Kreiman claims
that only 5 of the 48 trials showed the alleged experimental effect. It is
contended that 30 of the 48 trials showed positive differences.
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