Abstract

In experiments with an extrasensory perception (ESP) deck, the deviations in high and low aim have been found to be approximately equal, even though in an all-or-none model of ESP, the deviation is expected to be only a fourth as great in low as in high aim. Empirical evidence is presented that the deviations in high and low aim are also approximately equal in psychokinesis (PK), even though in an all-or-none model of PK with a probability of less than half, the deviation is expected to be less in low than in high aim. Models are presented to account for the equality of high - and low-aim deviations in psi.